U.S. PHARMACOPEIA

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CHROMATOGRAPHIC REAGENTS
The following list of packings (L), phases (G), and supports (S) is intended to be a convenient reference for the chromatographer. [NOTE—Particle sizes given in this listing are those generally provided. Where other, usually finer, sizes are required, the individual monograph specifies the desired particle size. Within any category of packings or phases listed below, there may be a wide range of columns available. Where it is necessary to define more specifically the chromatographic conditions, the individual monograph so indicates.]
Packings
L1—Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to porous silica or ceramic micro-particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L2—Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to silica gel of a controlled surface porosity that has been bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L3—Porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L4—Silica gel of controlled surface porosity bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L5—Alumina of controlled surface porosity bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L6—Strong cation-exchange packing–sulfonated fluorocarbon polymer coated on a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L7—Octylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L8—An essentially monomolecular layer of aminopropylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica gel support, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L9—10-µm irregular or spherical, totally porous silica gel having a chemically bonded, strongly acidic cation-exchange coating.
L10—Nitrile groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L11—Phenyl groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L12—A strong anion-exchange packing made by chemically bonding a quaternary amine to a solid silica spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L13—Trimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L14—Silica gel having a chemically bonded, strongly basic quaternary ammonium anion-exchange coating, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L15—Hexylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L16—Dimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L17—Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the hydrogen form, 7 to 11 µm in diameter.
L18—Amino and cyano groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L19—Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the calcium form, about 9 µm in diameter.
L20—Dihydroxypropane groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L21—A rigid, spherical styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L22—A cation-exchange resin made of porous polystyrene gel with sulfonic acid groups, about 10 µm in size.
L23—An anion-exchange resin made of porous polymethacrylate or polyacrylate gel with quaternary ammonium groups, about 10 µm in size.
L24—A semi-rigid hydrophilic gel consisting of vinyl polymers with numerous hydroxyl groups on the matrix surface, 32 to 63 µm in diameter.2
L25—Packing having the capacity to separate compounds with a molecular weight range from 100–5000 (as determined by polyethylene oxide), applied to neutral, anionic, and cationic water-soluble polymers. A polymethacrylate resin base, cross-linked with polyhydroxylated ether (surface contained some residual carboxyl functional groups) was found suitable.
L26—Butyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L27—Porous silica particles, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L28—A multifunctional support, which consists of a high purity, 100 , spherical silica substrate that has been bonded with anionic exchanger, amine functionality in addition to a conventional reversed phase C8 functionality.
L29—Gamma alumina, reverse-phase, low carbon percentage by weight, alumina-based polybutadiene spherical particles, 5 µm in diameter with a pore volume of 80 .
L30—Ethyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L31—A strong anion-exchange resin-quaternary amine bonded on latex particles attached to a core of 8.5-µm macroporous particles having a pore size of 2000 and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene.
L32—A chiral ligand-exchange packing–L-proline copper complex covalently bonded to irregularly shaped silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L33—Packing having the capacity to separate dextrans by molecular size over a range of 4,000 to 500,000 Da. It is spherical, silica-based, and processed to provide pH stability.3
L34—Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the lead form, about 9 µm in diameter.
L35—A zirconium-stabilized spherical silica packing with a hydrophilic (diol-type) molecular monolayer bonded phase having a pore size of 150 .
L36—A 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl derivative of L-phenylglycine covalently bonded to 5-µm aminopropyl silica.
L37—Packing having the capacity to separate proteins by molecular size over a range of 2,000 to 40,000 Da. It is a polymethacrylate gel.
L38—A methacrylate-based size-exclusion packing for water-soluble samples.
L39—A hydrophilic polyhydroxymethacrylate gel of totally porous spherical resin.
L40—Cellulose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate coated porous silica particles, 5 to 20 µm in diameter.
L41—Immobilized 1-acid glycoprotein on spherical silica particles, 5 µm in diameter.
L42—Octylsilane and octadecylsilane groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 µm in diameter.
L43—Pentafluorophenyl groups chemically bonded to silica particles by a propyl spacer, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L44—A multifunctional support, which consists of a high purity, 60 , spherical silica substrate that has been bonded with a cationic exchanger, sulfonic acid functionality in addition to a conventional reversed phase C8 functionality.
L45—Beta cyclodextrin bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L46—Polystyrene/divinylbenzene substrate agglomerated with quaternary amine functionalized latex beads, about 10 µm in diameter.
L47—High-capacity anion-exchange microporous substrate, fully functionalized with trimethlyamine groups, 8 µm in diameter.4
L48—Sulfonated, cross-linked polystyrene with an outer layer of submicron, porous, anion-exchange microbeads, 15 µm in diameter.
L49—A reversed-phase packing made by coating a thin layer of polybutadiene onto spherical porous zirconia particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.5
L50—Multifunction resin with reversed-phase retention and strong anion-exchange functionalities. The resin consists of ethylvinylbenzene, 55% cross-linked with divinylbenzene copolymer, 3 to 15 µm in diameter, and a surface area not less than 350 m2 per g. Substrate is coated with quaternary ammonium functionalized latex particles consisting of styrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene.6
L51—Amylose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate-coated, porous, spherical, silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.7
L52—A strong cation exchange resin made of porous silica with sulfopropyl groups, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.8
L53—Weak cation-exchange resin consisting of ethylvinylbenzene, 55% cross-linked with divinylbenzene copolymer, 3 to 15 µm diameter. Substrate is surface grafted with carboxylic acid and/or phosphoric acid functionalized monomers. Capacity not less than 500 µEq/column.9
L54—A size exclusion medium made of covalent bonding of dextran to highly cross-linked porous agarose beads, about 13 µm in diameter.10
L55—A strong cation-exchange resin made of porous silica coated with polybutadiene–maleic acid copolymer, about 5 µm in diameter.11
L56—Isopropyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.12
L57—A chiral-recognition protein, ovomucoid, chemically bonded to silica particles, about 5 µm in diameter, with a pore size of 120 .
L58—Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the sodium form, about 7 to 11 µm in diameter.13
L59—Packing having the capacity to separate proteins by molecular weight over the range of 10 to 500 kDa. It is spherical (10 µm), silica-based, and processed to provide hydrophilic characteristics and pH stability.14
L60—Spherical, porous silica gel, 3 or 5 µm in diameter, the surface of which has been covalently modified with palmitamidopropyl groups and endcapped with acetamidopropyl groups to a ligand density of about 6 µmoles per m2.15
L61—A hydroxide selective strong anion-exchange resin consisting of a highly cross-linked core of 13 µm microporous particles having a pore size less than 10 units and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene with a latex coating composed of 85 nm diameter microbeads bonded with alkanol quaternary ammonium ions (6%).16
L62—C30 silane bonded phase on a fully porous spherical silica, 3 to 15 µm in diameter.
Phases
G1—Dimethylpolysiloxane oil.
G2—Dimethylpolysiloxane gum.
G3—50% Phenyl-50% methylpolysiloxane.
G4—Diethylene glycol succinate polyester.
G5—3-Cyanopropylpolysiloxane.
G6—Trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane.
G7—50% 3-Cyanopropyl-50% phenylmethylsilicone.
G8—80% Bis(3-cyanopropyl)-20% 3-cyanopropylphenylpolysiloxane (percentages refer to molar substitution).
G9—Methylvinylpolysiloxane.
G10—Polyamide formed by reacting a C36 dicarboxylic acid with 1,3-di-4-piperidylpropane and piperidine in the respective mole ratios of 1.00:0.90:0.20.
G11—Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate polyester.
G12—Phenyldiethanolamine succinate polyester.
G13—Sorbitol.
G14—Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of 950 to 1050).
G15—Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of 3000 to 3700).
G16—Polyethylene glycol compound (av. mol. wt. about 15,000). A high molecular weight compound of polyethylene glycol with a diepoxide linker. Available commercially as Polyethylene Glycol Compound 20M, or as Carbowax 20M, from suppliers of chromatographic reagents.
G17—75% Phenyl-25% methylpolysiloxane.
G18—Polyalkylene glycol.
G19—25% Phenyl-25% cyanopropyl-50% methylsilicone.
G20—Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of 380 to 420).
G21—Neopentyl glycol succinate.
G22—Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
G23—Polyethylene glycol adipate.
G24—Diisodecyl phthalate.
G25—Polyethylene glycol compound TPA. A high molecular weight compound of a polyethylene glycol and a diepoxide that is esterified with terephthalic acid. Available commercially as Carbowax 20M-TPA from suppliers of chromatographic reagents.
G26—25% 2-Cyanoethyl-75% methylpolysiloxane.
G27—5% Phenyl-95% methylpolysiloxane.
G28—25% Phenyl-75% methylpolysiloxane.
G29—3,3¢-Thiodipropionitrile.
G30—Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
G31—Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (av. ethyleneoxy chain length is 30); Nonoxynol 30.
G32—20% Phenylmethyl-80% dimethylpolysiloxane.
G33—20% Carborane-80% methylsilicone.
G34—Diethylene glycol succinate polyester stabilized with phosphoric acid.
G35—A high molecular weight compound of a polyethylene glycol and a diepoxide that is esterified with nitroterephthalic acid.
G36—1% Vinyl-5% phenylmethylpolysiloxane.
G37—Polyimide.
G38—Phase G1 containing a small percentage of a tailing inhibitor.17
G39—Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. about 1500).
G40—Ethylene glycol adipate.
G41—Phenylmethyldimethylsilicone (10% phenyl-substituted).
G42—35% phenyl-65% dimethylpolysiloxane (percentages refer to molar substitution).
G43—6% cyanopropylphenyl-94% dimethylpolysiloxane (percentages refer to molar substitution).
G44—2% low molecular weight petrolatum hydrocarbon grease and 1% solution of potassium hydroxide.
G45—Divinylbenzene-ethylene glycol-dimethylacrylate.
G46—14% Cyanopropylphenyl-86% methylpolysiloxane.
G47—Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of about 8000).
G48—Highly polar, partially cross-linked cyanopolysiloxane.
G49—Proprietary derivatized phenyl groups on a polysiloxane backbone.18
Supports
NOTE—Unless otherwise specified, mesh sizes of 80 to 100 or, alternatively, 100 to 120 are intended.
S1A—Siliceous earth for gas chromatography has been flux-calcined by mixing diatomite with Na2CO3 flux and calcining above 900. The siliceous earth is acid-washed, then water-washed until neutral, but not base-washed. The siliceous earth may be silanized by treating with an agent such as dimethyldichlorosilane19 to mask surface silanol groups.
S1AB—The siliceous earth as described above is both acid- and base-washed.19
S1C—A support prepared from crushed firebrick and calcined or burned with a clay binder above 900 with subsequent acid-wash. It may be silanized.
S1NS—The siliceous earth is untreated.
S2—Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a nominal surface area of less than 50 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.3 to 0.4 µm.
S3—Copolymer of ethylvinylbenzene and divinylbenzene having a nominal surface area of 500 to 600 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0075 µm.
S4—Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with aromatic –O and –N groups, having a nominal surface area of 400 to 600 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0076 µm.
S5—40- to 60-mesh, high-molecular weight tetrafluorethylene polymer.
S6—Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a nominal surface area of 250 to 350 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0091 µm.
S7—Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 12 m2 per g.
S8—Copolymer of 4-vinyl-pyridine and styrene-divinylbenzene.
S9—A porous polymer based on 2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide.
S10—A highly polar cross-linked copolymer of acrylonitrite and divinylbenzene.
S11—Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 100 m2 per g modified with small amounts of petrolatum and polyethylene glycol compound.20
S12—Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 100 m2 per g.